1. Working Principle and Characteristics of Cartridge Dust Collectors
1.1 Working Principle
Cartridge dust collectors use cartridges as the filtering element and employ pulse jet technology for dust removal. The working principle involves dusty air being sucked into the housing through the dust hood, ducts, and air inlet. As the air flow suddenly expands and interacts with the air distribution plate, larger dust particles fall directly into the dust hopper due to gravity and inertia. Smaller and lighter particles pass through the cartridge, where they are captured by the filter material through Brownian diffusion and sieving effects. After backflushing, the dust falls into the dust bin for recycling, while clean air is discharged through the exhaust pipe with the help of a fan.
1.2 Advantages
1.High Dust Removal Efficiency: The cartridges use imported polyester fibers as filter media. They feature a layer of ultra-thin sub-micron fibers that effectively block most sub-micron dust particles, achieving a filtration efficiency of up to 99.99%, meeting ultra-low emission standards.
2.Low Operating Resistance: Thanks to the large filtration area and low filtration velocity, the operating resistance typically does not exceed 1000 Pa. This reduces the operational load and costs of the dust collection system.
3.Compact Structure: The design of the cartridges occupies minimal space, making installation and replacement easier. Cartridges are generally shorter than bag filters, simplifying construction and maintenance.
4.Long Service Life: The cartridges use durable polyester fibers, allowing a lifespan of over three years. This reduces the frequency of replacements and maintenance efforts.
5.Reusable: Polyester cartridges and membrane-covered cartridges can usually be washed with water and reused, lowering procurement costs.
1.3 Disadvantages
1.Poor Suitability for Moist, Sticky Waste Gas: In humid environments, cartridges can become blocked, requiring downtime for replacements, which affects production efficiency.
2.Higher Costs: The price of cartridges is over five times that of standard bag filters, leading to higher overall construction costs.
3.High Requirements for Airflow Uniformity: Uneven airflow can cause certain cartridges to experience excessive filtration velocity, which shortens their lifespan.
4.High Manufacturing Quality Requirements: The folded structure and quality of the cartridge seals directly affect operational performance, necessitating strict quality control.
2. Characteristics of Smoke and Dust in Various Steel Production Processes
Steel enterprises produce various types of smoke and dust, which differ significantly across processes:
2.1 Sintering Raw Material Area
Due to transportation issues, both domestic and foreign ores generally have a moisture content above 6%. The use of enclosed storage sheds and spray dust suppression further exacerbates dust emissions.
2.2 Sintered Product and Ore Bin Area
1.Sintered products generate dust particles ranging from 0.8 to 61.0 μm during transport, with moisture content below 1%.
2.Blast furnaces commonly use heated grinding techniques, with particles below 200 mesh comprising 76% to 84%, and moisture content also below 1%.
3.During coke transportation, the moisture content is below 1% for dry quenching processes, while wet quenching processes often exceed 10%.
2.3 Converter Steelmaking Area
1.Fluxes used in converters typically have a moisture content of 1.0% to 1.5%.
2.Dust generated during the steelmaking process has over 98% of particles larger than 5 μm, with low temperatures.
3.The moisture content of dust from converter slag handling often exceeds 10%.
2.4 Rolling Steel Production Area
Wet gas emissions during rolling processes usually exceed 10% humidity, primarily due to water cooling.
2.5 Coking Production Area
1.Coal dust generated during the coking preparation area often has a moisture content above 6%, with over 99% of particles larger than 2 μm.
2.The dust particle size during coal pushing generally ranges from 3.3 to 4.7 μm, with waste gas humidity between 1% and 5%.
2.6 Flux Production Area
During the transport of limestone and finished lime, over 95% of dust particles exceed 10 μm, with moisture content below 1%.
3. Recommendations for Using Cartridge Dust Collectors in Steel Enterprises
1.Avoid Collecting High-Humidity Waste Gas: This includes waste gas from iron ore in the sintering preparation stage and from wet coking processes.
2.Use Caution with Sticky Waste Gas: This applies to dust generated during lime transport and in the coking process.
3.Optimize Inlet Design: Lower the inlet airspeed of the cartridge dust collector and improve internal airflow distribution to ensure uniform flow among cartridges.
4.Ensure Uniform Backflushing Airflow: The length of the backflushing nozzle should be maximized to maintain even airflow distribution.
5.Strictly Control Cartridge Quality: Ensure that the technical parameters of folded cartridges meet relevant standards. Inspect the quality of the membrane and uniformity of folds, and verify the manufacturing process of the cartridge seals.
In conclusion, cartridge dust collectors hold significant promise for use in steel enterprises. However, optimizing design and usage strategies based on specific operating conditions is essential to enhance dust removal efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Choose Darko’s cartridge dust collectors for outstanding performance and reliable solutions.
For more information about our products or to seek professional advice, please feel free to contact us!
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