Belt misalignment is a common and challenging problem in the operation of ленточные конвейеры. The root cause of misalignment lies in the net external forces acting on the belt in the width direction, which is not zero, or uneven tensile stress perpendicular to the belt width. This imbalance causes the reaction force from rollers or drums to exert a sideways force on the belt, leading to misalignment. This article analyzes the causes of belt misalignment and provides effective corrective measures.
Causes of Belt Misalignment
1. Misalignment of Centers
The head, tail, and middle frames may not align properly. This misalignment often occurs due to improper installation, causing the belt's longitudinal centerline to be non-perpendicular to the drum axis, affecting operation.
2. Incorrect Roller Position
All rollers must be installed perpendicular to the belt centerline and parallel to the horizontal plane. If this requirement is not met, the belt will shift to one side.
3. Improper Belt Joint
Whether using mechanical or vulcanized joints, any irregularities in the joint can lead to uneven tension on both sides, causing misalignment during operation.
4. Misaligned Roller Frame
The centerline of the roller group must align with the centerline of the machine frame. The allowable error is no more than 3.0 mm. If the roller frame is improperly installed or bolts are loose, the belt may misalign.
5. Belt Damage
If the degree of damage is inconsistent on both sides of the belt, it may cause uneven stretching and result in misalignment.
6. Improper Discharge Point
Uneven material discharge can lead to uneven force distribution on the belt, causing it to misalign. If the discharge point is off-center, it should be adjusted promptly.
7. Impact from Material Drop
When material falls onto the belt, its weight and inertia can cause the belt to shift.
8. Accumulated Material
Sticky materials can accumulate on rollers or drums, leading to uneven tension and causing misalignment.
9. Incorrect Roller Angle
If the roller installation angle is not accurate, it can cause the belt to shift in the carrying section.
10. Belt Quality Issues
If the density of the belt is uneven, this can lead to uneven tension and result in misalignment.
11. Tensioning Device Issues
Improper installation or adjustment of the tensioning device can lead to uneven tension and cause misalignment.
12. Aging from Long-Term Use
Over time, belts can loosen, increasing the risk of misalignment.
13. Frame Inclination
If the frame is tilted, it can exert lateral force on the belt.
14. Equipment Vibration
Severe vibrations during operation, particularly radial movement of rollers, can cause the belt to misalign.
15. Small Curvature Radius
If the curvature radius of a concave section is too small, the belt may lift during startup.
Corrective Measures for Belt Misalignment
To address the above causes, the following measures can be implemented:
Align the Head, Tail, and Middle Frames: Ensure all three components are aligned on the same centerline.
Correct Roller Position: Ensure the roller axis is perpendicular to the belt and parallel to the horizontal plane.
Adjust Belt Joints: Remove any improperly aligned joints and ensure they are straight.
Realign Roller Frames: Move the roller frame on the misaligned side and recalibrate as necessary.
Enhance Maintenance: Regularly inspect the belt and promptly repair or replace any damaged sections.
Adjust Discharge Point: Ensure the discharge point is centered on the belt.
Design Appropriate Material Guides: Avoid direct drops of large objects and install buffer rollers at the discharge point.
Clear Accumulated Material: Keep roller and drum surfaces clean and maintain the operation of cleaning devices.
Adjust Roller Group Position: Modify the installation holes based on the direction of misalignment.
Choose Reputable Manufacturers: Ensure quality equipment and good after-sales service.
Install Tensioning Devices Properly: Make sure the centerline is perpendicular to the roller axis and follow installation requirements.
Проводите регулярные инспекции: Replace aging or deformed belts promptly.
Correct Frame Inclination: Reinstall the frame to ensure it is level.
Identify and Address Vibration Issues: Resolve any sources of equipment vibration.
Add Pressure Rollers: Install pressure rollers in concave sections to prevent the belt from lifting.
In the operation of belt conveyors, it is essential to monitor belt misalignment closely. Timely identification of the causes and implementation of appropriate measures are key to maintaining efficient and stable operation. By following these corrective actions, you can effectively reduce the risks associated with misalignment and enhance production efficiency.For further inquiries or assistance, please feel free to связаться с нами! We are here to help and support you.
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